Symphytum officinale for osteoporosis free#

They ignore the complex changes in the body caused by estrogen deficiency. These treatments are not fully satisfying due to limitations in bone microenvironmental regulation. Improving lifestyle and eating habits also helped prevent osteoporosis. Drugs that inhibit osteoclasts include estrogen replacement treatment and bisphosphonates ( Qaseem et al., 2017). Osteogenesis drugs are parathyroid hormone (PTH), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), calcium, and vitamin D ( Kabasawa et al., 2003). Most of the drugs used to treat osteoporosis directly act on the process of bone formation and absorption, mainly inhibiting osteoclasts. At present, more studies have focused on osteoblasts and osteoclasts. The thin cortical bone and sparse cancellous bone increase the risk of fractures in patients with osteoporosis, which seriously threaten public health and cause a huge social burden ( Black and Rosen, 2016). Elderly and postmenopausal women are at high risk of osteoporosis ( Srivastava and Deal, 2002). Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease characterized by a decrease in bone mass per unit volume. Since the current therapeutic effects of targeting bone cells are not significant, improving the systemic peroxidation state and then regulating bone homeostasis will be a new method for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. We concluded that glutathione/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) conversion involved the PI3K/Akt-Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and that the antioxidant enzyme-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis pathway of osteoblasts was necessary for the development of postmenopausal osteoporosis. In our review, we demonstrated the mechanism of antioxidants and their effect on bone metabolism in detail.

Symphytum officinale for osteoporosis free#

There are three classes of antioxidant defense systems in the body to eliminate free radicals and peroxides including antioxidant substances, antioxidant enzymes, and repair enzymes. Improving the oxidative state is essential for the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. The accumulation of reactive oxygen species in the bone microenvironment plays a role in osteoblast and osteoclast apoptosis. Oxidative stress damage is regarded as the main pathogenesis of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Estrogen deficiency accelerates the aging of women. Osteoporosis is a common bone imbalance disease that threatens the health of postmenopausal women.

2The First Department of Clinical Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.1Department of Orthopedics, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.Keda Yang 1†, Fangming Cao 1†, Yuchuan Xue 2, Lin Tao 1* and Yue Zhu 1*